In the food classification, in addition to the well-known green food, there are specific categories of food such as blue food, which have unique definitions and characteristics. Blue food, also known as "Marine functional food", refers to Marine biological products with high purity, high nutrition, high activity and specific physiological functions produced by modern biotechnology using Marine organisms as raw materials. The advantage of these foods is that they are high in nutrients, low in fat, and often have specific health benefits. For example, alginic acid contained in seaweed has a blood pressure lowering effect, seaweed fiber helps prevent constipation, and vitamins in seaweed help maintain healthy epithelial tissue growth. In addition, deep-sea fish and shrimp protein in blue food is also highly respected for its high quality and high biosafety.
In early 2023, The General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Marine Functional Food Industry", which clearly proposed to accelerate the development and utilization of Marine living resources, support the research and development and innovation of Marine functional food, and encourage enterprises to enhance the added value of products and brand influence. The Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and other departments also jointly issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for the technological development of Marine functional food Industry", aiming to build an integrated innovation system of production, research and use, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the Marine functional food industry to the direction of high technology and high added value. Marine functional food, in simple terms, refers to the functional food made of Marine organisms as raw materials, although it does not have a medical effect, but for certain people, it can play a role in regulating human function. High-end biological products refer to the use of high-tech biological technology to produce high-end drugs with microorganisms, cells, human or animal tissues and body fluids as raw materials, which can stimulate the own immune system and produce immune substances to achieve disease prevention and diagnosis, and has become a type of drug occupying the forefront of the development of the medical field. Based on this, we will discuss the common types of Marine functional foods and high-end biological products in this issue.
Common types of Marine functional foods and related biological products
At present, the common Marine functional foods on the market mainly include amino acids and proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. Among them, amino acid protein foods are usually made of proteins and amino acids in Marine fish, shrimp, shellfish, crabs and other organisms. Due to the high content of protein and amino acids in Marine organisms, and rich in 8 kinds of amino acids necessary for the human body and proteins close to the human protein composition, amino acid protein foods made by Marine organisms can better meet the human body's protein and amino acid intake needs, and enhance the health of food. Unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals are also rich in Marine algae, fish, shellfish and other organisms in the body, through the use of Marine organisms to produce the above several foods, can also improve the content of nutrition and health ingredients in food, making food more healthy.
In the medical field, common biological products mainly include: inactivated vaccines, live vaccines, bacterial polysaccharides, exotoxins, globulins and other types, the number of specific products is relatively large, including recombinant DNA products, cytokines, allergens, etc., usually used in disease prevention, treatment, diagnosis of 3 aspects. However, at present, according to the evaluation of technical complexity, efficacy and other aspects, biological products that can reach the high-end level mainly include antibody drugs, new vaccines, gene therapy products, and cell therapy products.
Classification and status of Marine functional food
Marine functional food refers to the functional food using Marine biological resources as food raw materials, such products usually contain a variety of bioactive substances beneficial to the human body, such as unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and so on. With the popularity of the concept of healthy diet and the improvement of consumer demand, Marine functional food is gradually favored by the market.
According to statistics, the global Marine functional food market is expected to grow at an average annual compound growth rate of more than 8% in the next five years, the market size is expected to exceed 50 billion US dollars, and the total output value of China's Marine functional food industry will exceed 200 billion yuan. This data not only reflects consumers' pursuit of a healthy lifestyle, but also highlights the potential of Marine functional food as a pioneer of the "blue revolution".
01. The current situation of brain gold food
Brain gold food refers to Marine functional food containing a high degree of unsaturated fatty acids, the main nutrients in this food are EPA, DHA. Through the study of the human brain, it was found that the above two substances are the main components of human brain fat, of which DHA is even up to 10% in human brain fat, and after research, DHA can promote the growth of brain synapses and the function of brain cells.
Therefore, at this stage, from the perspective of market sales, there are already a variety of brain gold foods on the market, such as fish oil kenkang pills, brain health oral liquid, squalene pills, etc. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of different people's brain health, brain gold foods for teenagers, middle-aged, elderly and women have also appeared on the market. In terms of production, EPA and DHA are mainly derived from the deep-processing extraction of Marine fish and micro-phytoplankton, and most of the Marine fish and algae as production materials are cod, sardines, red algae, green algae and other fish and algae with low prices, so the production cost is relatively low.
In addition, the brain health effect of EPA and DHA has been found by researchers in the 1990s, which makes China's research on the production process of such Marine functional food started earlier, and up to now, the production process of such food has already reached a relatively mature level.
02. Current situation of protein amino acid food
In the status quo of protein Marine functional food, Marine fish are rich in protein, especially FPC and FFP. These two proteins not only have high nutritional value, but also have good fortifying properties. Nowadays, people concentrate the above two kinds of proteins into protein fortifying agents, and apply them to the processing of noodles, bread and other foods, so that people can obtain more protein by eating these foods while ensuring the flavor and taste of foods, eliminating the problem of lack of protein intake in the diet of residents in inland areas due to the small amount of fish consumption.
To this end, people have developed a concentrated fish protein this protein booster, and by applying it to the production of bread, noodles and other foods, to produce the corresponding protein Marine functional food, and because of the superior performance of this protein booster, the application is more extensive in food production, so at this stage, Protein Marine functional food based on concentrated fish protein presents a diversified category of the current situation, enriching people's purchase choices.
In terms of the status quo of amino acid Marine functional foods, it is usually found that the amino acid components contained in Marine shellfish are the same as the essential amino acid components of the human body, especially scallops, oysters and other shellfish. These shellfish are rich in taurine, an amino acid that is vital for infant development. Therefore, people began to extract this amino acid from shellfish and add it to infant milk powder as a nutritional fortification agent to form a Marine functional food in the form of milk powder, so that the nutrition of milk powder is closer to breast milk and improve the quality of milk powder products.
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03. Current situation of bionic Marine food
Bionic Marine food refers to a kind of Marine functional food that uses Marine organisms as raw materials and uses bionic food processing technology to process and produce Marine functional food that is similar to natural Marine biological food in flavor, appearance and nutritional composition, such as crab meat sticks. From the current situation of this kind of Marine functional food, with the development of bionic food processing technology, people can use cheaper Marine organisms to imitate a variety of natural Marine foods such as abalone, caviar, crab meat, which makes people's purchase choices for this kind of food more diversified. And the price of such Marine functional food is much lower than the natural Marine biological food it mimics, so it is also more popular with consumers.
In addition, in order to improve the quality of such Marine functional foods, manufacturers began to apply modern biotechnology to the production of bionic Marine foods, which will be difficult for the human body to decompose and absorb nutrients, directly synthesized and added to bionic foods, so that the nutrients are more easily absorbed by the human body, providing better development prospects for such Marine functional foods.
Classification and status of biological products related to blue ocean functions
Marine biological products refer to Marine biological resources as raw materials, through extraction, separation, purification and other processes to prepare high value-added products, including Marine drugs, enzymes, antibodies, vaccines, genetic engineering products, etc. With the development of modern biotechnology, new breakthroughs have been made in the research and development of Marine biological products.
01. Current status of antibody drug products
Antibody drug product refers to a high-end biological product composed of antibody substances. From the current situation of such products, at present, antibody drugs are mainly used for organ transplantation and tumor treatment, the existing antibody drug research and development countries are mainly Western developed countries, and China's research on such products started late.
In this situation, the main antibody drugs commonly used in medical treatment are Rituximab, anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, Trastuzumab, and Muromonab-CD3, among which the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody was developed by Wuhan Institute of Biological Products in China, and the main murine-derived organ transplantation rejection therapy. From the point of view of efficacy, because such drugs are achieved by stimulating the operation of the body's own immune system to achieve disease treatment, so its side effects are less, and it has good prospects for development. However, the research and development of antibody drugs is more complex, difficult, and the cost is high, although the country has focused on the research and development of antibody drugs, but it still needs a long time to achieve the progress of high-end biological products in the field of antibody drugs.
02. Status of novel vaccine products
In the field of high-end biological products, a new vaccine refers to a vaccine made using modern biotechnology, such as artificial mutation technology. From the current situation of such high-end biological products, the existing new vaccines include recombinant vaccines, genetic engineering subunit vaccines, genetic engineering carrier vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, etc. Compared with traditional vaccines, such vaccines have the advantages of good disease prevention and control effect and small side effects, so it has always been a high-end biological products with good development prospects.
However, because this high-end biological product is only recently discovered, so in the international scope, the research of new vaccine products are in the initial stage. At present, people have begun to develop disease vaccines from the perspective of new vaccine products, which has greatly promoted the development of new vaccine products.
03. Current status of gene therapy products
Gene therapy refers to the introduction of foreign normal genes into target cells to repair abnormal and defective genes and cure diseases caused by abnormal and defective genes. At present, the therapeutic application of such cell products is limited to somatic cells, not germ cells. For example, by modifying the patient's own immune cells, lymphatic cancer can be treated. In this situation, there are two main application ways of gene therapy products, namely exvivo way and invivo way.
In the former, foreign genes are introduced into the patient's somatic cells in vitro, and then the cells are proliferated and cultured, and finally the cells after proliferation are returned to the human body to complete drug administration. In the invivo approach, specific eukaryotic cells are used as carriers to directly deliver foreign genes into the body to achieve drug delivery. The former is a classical drug delivery route, stable and safe, but the operation is complex and difficult, while the latter is a new drug delivery route, simple operation, but may cause a series of problems such as immune rejection.
04. Current status of cell therapy products
Cell therapy refers to the use of patients' own or allogeneic cells to repair their organs and tissues to achieve the therapeutic effect of disease, such as bone marrow transplantation. As one of the more common high-end biological products in the medical field, cell therapy products have significant therapeutic effects on diseases that are difficult to treat with conventional methods such as advanced cirrhosis and malignant tumors.
Compared with the above other biological products, such high-end biological products belong to the research and development of biological products earlier, therefore, in the medical promotion scope is also larger, the operation technology is more mature, but the production of such biological products often need to be matched, which to a large extent restricts the application of such products, and increases the application cost. However, for malignant tumors, femoral head necrosis and other difficult diseases, the application of this cell therapy products can still obtain the best therapeutic effect, therefore, cell therapy products have always been the focus of high-end biological products research.
epilogue
In general, the research and development of Marine functional food and related biological products is in a rapid development stage. Doing a good job in functional food and biological products research can promote the accelerated development of food and medicine fields. In terms of Marine functional food, food development has reached a certain level at this stage, but the degree of popularity is still relatively low, and it is necessary to start with the production process and increase research and development efforts.
In addition, the development level of products is limited, and it is also necessary to actively introduce advanced technologies and increase independent research and development efforts, so that the development of high-end biological products can reach a higher level and promote the further development of medical services.
With the progress of science and technology and the support of national policies, this field is expected to achieve more remarkable results in the future. At the same time, it is also necessary to continue to strengthen scientific research investment in the future to further deepen the research of Marine living resources, so as to meet the market demand for healthy and personalized products!
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