Research on common mechanical faults and elimination strategies of pulverizer
Mill and motor together constitute the mill system, mill in industrial and agricultural applications will also have some failures, in the common failures can generally be divided into two categories: mechanical failure and electrical failure. Mechanical faults can generally be judged by the naked eye and hearing, and electrical faults are generally not easy to find, so in the staff training will mainly cultivate the judgment of mechanical faults and the ability to eliminate mechanical faults. A variety of grinding machines are also used in the work of the feed mill, and the most commonly used is the hammer mill. This paper analyzes and studies the mechanical failure and troubleshooting of the hammer mill.
1 The crusher is blocked
During the use of the mill, the problem of the blockage of the mill often occurs. There are many reasons for the blockage of the crusher, it may be because the device is not fit enough when the crusher is assembled, it may also be that the crop's own viscosity is too high to stick to the wall of the device, but the general situation of the blockage of the crusher is caused by the improper use of the staff.
1.1 Blockage caused by excessive type of crushing aircraft
In the working process of the crusher, due to the excessive amount of raw materials added at one time when the raw materials are fed, the crushing machine has too much load, and the crushing machine will be blocked. So in the feeding process to try to avoid this situation, in the feeding time should always pay attention to the ammeter hour hand, when the crusher's load is too large, the current pointer will point to the direction of high current, so when the current pointer is too high, the staff need to stop feeding. Once it is found that it is not timely, the crusher will work in the case of overweight load for a long time, and the phenomenon of burning out the motor will also occur. The speed of the mill directly affects the feed output of the feed mill, so the speed of the general mill will be relatively fast, the load capacity is strong, and the load weight of the mill is not fixed, and the volatility is strong. Because of this, the current of the mill at work also has a certain limit, mostly controlled within 20% of the rated current, and the current limit of the mill depends on the input of the feed port. When the feed port is input, the feed port is needed, and the feeder is also divided into manual feeders and automatic feeders. Manual feeders are generally only applied to small power grinders, while electric feeders are used for high-power grinders in general industrial and agricultural workshops. Therefore, according to the model and power of the crusher, the appropriate feeder should be reasonably selected.
1.2 After crushing, the material channel is blocked, or the exhaust air network channel is not smooth
Due to the long working time of the crusher, the spiral blade will be worn during use, and once the wear is serious or the spiral blade falls off, the channel will also be blocked and obstructed. In addition, the belt wear of the elevator is serious, resulting in slippage during rotation, and deviation will also cause blockage of the path. When this happens in the working process of the crusher, the closed blade should be repaired in time, the belt tensioned, or replaced to deal with the blockage.
In the working process of the crusher, it is necessary to have the air network duct with the crushing to work, if the air duct or the air network is blocked in the process, it will cause the need for small or no wind in the crushing process, which may lead to the blockage of the crusher. In the production of some special materials, due to the limited diameter of the material, it will also lead to the aperture of the screen screen is relatively small, so when the wind speed and air volume do not meet the requirements, the blockage of the crusher is also a frequent occurrence. Therefore, the staff need to clean and inspect the passage and air network pipe of the crusher at a specific time to avoid the above situation.
1.3 Other reasons the crusher is blocked
In the working process of the crusher, there are many reasons for blockage, and there are several more common ones. For example, the hammer is worn, the screen hole is blocked, and the water content of the crop is too high to make the blockage. In order to deal with the above problems, it is necessary for the staff to regularly check the equipment and clean the equipment in a timely manner, and for some equipment that is easy to wear, it is also necessary to regularly check and repair or replace the equipment. In the process of crop crushing, if the water content is too high, that is, more than 20%, it will inhibit the output, and it also has a certain impact on the machinery, and the high water content will also bring problems such as clogging to the equipment. Therefore, when the crusher is working, it is necessary to strictly control the water content to achieve both high yield and reduce the role of equipment wear.
1.4 The type of material will also cause blockage problems
Materials due to different varieties, so the characteristics of the material are different. Some materials have high water content, some silk more, and some materials contain more fat and grease, but it is difficult to crush alone, it can also be said that it can not be crushed alone. In addition, the screen aperture of some mechanical facilities used in the crushing process of some materials is limited, and in the crushing process of some crops with high cotton wool concentration, because the screen aperture of the mill is small, the situation of blocking the mill also occurs. It can be seen from the above that the crushing material should be selected as far as possible according to the model of the crusher, the raw materials with good quality and not too easy to crush, and the water content should not be too high. Before crushing, we should pay attention to the molting of the material in advance, some raw materials that can not be crushed alone, should be mixed with other raw materials in accordance with the appropriate proportion and then crushed, and the aperture of the crusher is not too small, which helps to improve the efficiency of the crusher.
2 The noise of the grinder is large, and there is a certain vibration amplitude
In powder? During the installation of the machine, it is necessary to keep the crusher level and have a certain stability. Moreover, the hardness of the whole frame should be detected in advance during the installation process of the crusher, and if the test results show that the rigidity is insufficient, it is necessary to add a solid frame to control and adjust its hardness. The connection method of the crusher is generally often used direct transmission, and has the characteristics of simple and easy maintenance, but the direct transmission needs to be equipped, if the configuration is not enough, it will cause large vibration fluctuations in the crusher, and is often accompanied by serious noise interference. Therefore, in the installation of the grinder, the model of the grinder should be analyzed as a whole, and the most suitable connection method should be selected according to the different models.
The grinder will also have a different heart of the electronic rotor and the motor rotor, in this case, the motor of the grinder can be properly adjusted, such as the appropriate adjustment of the position before and after, of course, through the installation height of the motor, to achieve the concentricity of the two rotors to achieve the appropriate state. The uneven quality of the hammer will also bring big vibration problems to the crusher, so pay attention to the error between the hammer pieces when installing the crusher, and try to control within 5g. After the mill rotor wear is serious, it will directly affect the speed of the rotating motor, which will bring uneven speed to the mill, so it is necessary to regularly check and replace the mill rotor.
3 Axle overheating
The bearing shaft is an indispensable component of the mill, the performance of the bearing shaft also has a direct impact on the normal operation and production efficiency of the mill, and too much heat production of the bearing shaft will cause loss in advance and shorten its service life. Therefore, when the bearing shaft is found to be overheating, the work of the crusher should be stopped as soon as possible, and the fault detection and elimination of the crusher should be carried out. Whether the height of the bearing shaft is not appropriate, or too much lubricating oil, or the installation between the bearing seat and the bearing is too tight, it will cause the bearing to heat, and once the bearing fails, then the work of the crusher will be a terminating order. Therefore, in the case of overheating of bearings, it is necessary to check and repair as soon as possible.
4 Conclusion
As a production facility of industry and agriculture, the mill is widely used in feed mills and other industries. However, some failures will inevitably occur during the installation and use of the crusher. This requires the staff to have a certain degree of analysis and troubleshooting of the fault of the mill, only the staff has the corresponding knowledge, in order to ensure the efficiency of the mill and the service life of the mill.
To learn more about our Fangyuan products, please click this link：https://www.fine-mill.com/products.
